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991.
目的 比较了红旱莲药材不同部位(茎、叶、花、果)中金丝桃苷的含量差异。方法 采用高效液相色谱法进行测定,采用C18(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)色谱柱,乙腈-0.1%磷酸为流动相,360 nm为检测波长,流速为1.0 mL·min-1,柱温30 ℃。结果 金丝桃苷的线性范围为2.904~58.08 μg·mL-1,相关系数r=0.999 8,平均回收率为 95.1%,RSD为1.3%;红旱莲药材不同部位(茎、叶、花、果)中金丝桃苷的含量分别为0.405、3.221、2.260、0.371 mg·g-1。结论 红旱莲中不同部位中金丝桃苷含量具有显著差异,叶中含量最高。 相似文献
992.
糖尿病肾病(DN)是一种严重的糖尿病并发症,其发病机制复杂而多样。现代药理研究表明,天然黄酮类化合物具有多种潜在药用价值,对糖尿病肾病的防治作用就是其中之一。黄酮类化合物抗糖尿病肾病的作用机制是多方面药理活性的综合结果,包括通过抗氧化应激与清除自由基、抗炎、改善血糖血脂紊乱、抗凋亡、调节血管舒张及改善血流动力学异常等途径来实现。在查阅近年来国内外发表的相关文献后,对黄酮类化合物在糖尿病肾病防治中的多种作用及相关机制进行综述,以期为糖尿病肾病防治药物的研发提供参考。 相似文献
993.
S. Hamiche N. Bouzidi Y. Daghbouche A. Badis S. Garrigues M. de la Guardia M. El Hattab 《Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy》2018
A green extraction method, based on the use of 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) as biosolvent, has been developed to prepare crude extracts from the brown alga Zonaria tournefortii characterized by chemical composition, particularly dominated by phenolic compounds derived from phloroglucinol. The main advantage of the developed technique are the recovery of eucalyptol, based on multistep liquid-liquid extraction with distilled water, followed by centrifugation and elimination of the aqueous phase, and the complete recycling of biosolvent by steam distillation. A comparative study between the proposed green extract and the conventional extract, prepared by solvent maceration using the mixture CH2Cl2/MeOH (1/1:v/v), was performed in terms of qualitative and quantitative determination of several parameters as:(i) the total phenolic content determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay, (ii) the presence of phenols determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and (iii) the antioxidant activity assessed by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging assay. In short, eucalyptol provides a safe and selective extraction of phenolic compounds from Zonaria tournefortii with no environmental side effects and a good recovery of the solvent. 相似文献
994.
995.
S. S. Coburn L. J. Luecken I. A. Rystad B. Lin K. A. Crnic N. A. Gonzales 《Maternal and child health journal》2018,22(6):786-793
Introduction
Recent research suggests that health disparities among low-SES and ethnic minority populations may originate from prenatal and early life exposures. Postpartum maternal depressive symptoms have been linked to poorer infant physical health, yet prenatal depressive symptoms not been thoroughly examined in relation to infant health.Methods
In a prospective study of low-income Mexican American mothers and their infants, women (N = 322, median age 27.23, IQR = 22.01–32.54) completed surveys during pregnancy (median gestation 39.50, IQR = 38.71–40.14 weeks) and 12 weeks after birth. We investigated (1) if prenatal depressive symptoms predicted infant physical health concerns at 12 weeks of age, (2) whether these associations occurred above and beyond concurrent depressive symptoms, and (3) if birth weight, gestational age, and breastfeeding were mediators of prenatal depression predicting subsequent infant health.Results
Higher prenatal depressive symptoms were associated with more infant physical health concerns at 12 weeks (p < .001), after accounting for 12-week maternal depressive symptoms, breastfeeding, gestational age, and birth weight. Twelve-week maternal depressive symptoms were concurrently associated with more infant health concerns (p < .01). Birth weight, gestational age, and breastfeeding were not associated with maternal depression or infant health concerns.Discussion
Results establish a link between prenatal depressive symptoms and an elevated risk of poor health evident shortly after birth. These findings underscore the importance of the prenatal period as a possible sensitive period for infants’ health, and the need for effective interventions for depression during pregnancy to mitigate potentially teratogenic effects on the developing fetus and reduce risks for later health concerns.996.
Courtney Olson-Chen Kripa Balaram David N. Hackney 《Maternal and child health journal》2018,22(6):812-821
Objectives
We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the association between Chlamydia trachomatis and adverse perinatal outcomes.Methods
Electronic databases were searched between 1970 and 2013. Included studies reported perinatal outcomes in women with and without chlamydia. Summary odds ratios were calculated using fixed- and random-effects models. Study bias was assessed using a Funnel Plot and Begg’s test.Results
Of 129 articles identified, 56 studies met the inclusion criteria encompassing 614,892 subjects. Chlamydia infection in pregnancy was associated with preterm birth (OR?=?1.27, 95% CI 1.05, 1.54) with a large quantity of heterogeneity (I2?=?61%). This association lost significance when limiting the analysis to high-quality studies based on the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale. Chlamydia infection in pregnancy was also associated with preterm premature rupture of membranes (OR?=?1.81, 95% CI 1.0, 3.29), endometritis (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.20, 2.38), low birthweight (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.21, 1.48), small for gestational age (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.05, 1.25) and intrauterine fetal demise (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.06, 1.94).Conclusions
This review provides evidence that chlamydia in pregnancy is associated with a small increase in the odds of multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes. The literature is complicated by heterogeneity and the fact that the association may not hold in higher quality and prospective studies or those that use more contemporary nucleic acid testing.997.
Lisa Gorman Ufer Julie A. Moore Kristen Hawkins Gina Gembel David N. Entwistle David Hoffman 《Maternal and child health journal》2018,22(5):648-659
Introduction This paper describes the care coordination training program and results of an evaluation from its pilot in seven states. Despite the importance of practice-based care coordination, only 42.3% of children with special health care needs (CYSHCN) met all needed components of care coordination as defined by the Maternal Child Health Bureau. Recognizing that children with medically complex conditions often have lower rates of achieving care coordination within a medical home, the Region 4 Midwest Genetics Collaborative worked with families to develop a training to empower families in care coordination. The Care Coordination: Empowering Families(CCEF) training provides families with the knowledge, tools, and resources to engage with health, education and family support systems. This article gives an overview of the training and comprehensive evaluation. Methods Participants were family caregivers of children with genetic conditions and other special health care needs recruited in one of seven pilot states. Evaluation data were collected from 190 participants prior to and immediately following the training. An additional follow-up assessment one full year post training was completed by 80 participants (a response rate of 42%). Results Families who attended the training report being the primary source of care coordination for their children and 83.7% see their role in their child’s healthcare changing as a result of the training. The findings suggest that peer support and communication with providers increased as a result of the training over the course of the study. The data suggest that the training impacted how the family interacts with the child’s doctor, including initiating conversations to prepare their child for transition to adult health care. Further, families report system-level improvements 1 year later compared to the pre-training assessment. Discussion CCEF training is a promising practice for facilitating medical home use among CYSHCN. 相似文献
998.
Sheryl L. Coley Jasmine Y. Zapata Rebecca J. Schwei Glen Ellen Mihalovic Maya N. Matabele Elizabeth A. Jacobs Cynthie K. Anderson 《Women's health issues》2018,28(2):158-164
Introduction
African American mothers and other mothers of historically underserved populations consistently have higher rates of adverse birth outcomes than White mothers. Increasing prenatal care use among these mothers may reduce these disparities. Most prenatal care research focuses on prenatal care adequacy rather than concepts of quality. Even less research examines the dual perspectives of African American mothers and prenatal care providers. In this qualitative study, we compared perceptions of prenatal care quality between African American and mixed race mothers and prenatal care providers.Methods
Prenatal care providers (n = 20) and mothers who recently gave birth (n = 19) completed semistructured interviews. Using a thematic analysis approach and Donabedian's conceptual model of health care quality, interviews were analyzed to identify key themes and summarize differences in perspectives between providers and mothers.Findings
Mothers and providers valued the tailoring of care based on individual needs and functional patient–provider relationships as key elements of prenatal care quality. Providers acknowledged the need for knowing the social context of patients, but mothers and providers differed in perspectives of “culturally sensitive” prenatal care. Although most mothers had positive prenatal care experiences, mothers also recalled multiple complications with providers' negative assumptions and disregard for mothers’ options in care.Conclusions
Exploring strategies to strengthen patient–provider interactions and communication during prenatal care visits remains critical to address for facilitating continuity of care for mothers of color. These findings warrant further investigation of dual patient and provider perspectives of culturally sensitive prenatal care to address the service needs of African American and mixed race mothers. 相似文献999.
Jessica N. Sanders Jenny A. Higgins Daniel E. Adkins Greggory J. Stoddard Lori M. Gawron David K. Turok 《Women's health issues》2018,28(5):401-407
Introduction
Contraceptives improve women's lives and public health, but many women discontinue their contraceptive method owing to dissatisfaction. An underexamined aspect of contraceptive discontinuation is sexual acceptability, or how contraception affects sexual experiences. Investigators' aims were two-fold: 1) to document changes in multiple domains of women's sexual experiences with their intrauterine device (IUD) or contraceptive implant over time and 2) to examine whether these sexuality factors were associated with method continuation at 12 months.Methods
We enrolled 200 eligible family planning clients and collected data at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Sexual acceptability measures included the Female Sexual Function Index-6, the New Sexual Satisfaction Scale, and participants’ perceptions of whether their contraceptive method had had a neutral, positive, or negative effect on their sex life. Survival analysis and Cox regression with time-varying covariates related sexuality measures to method continuation over time while controlling for other relevant factors.Results
Among 193 women who received an IUD or implant, 20% selected the copper IUD, 46% the levonorgestrel IUD, and 34% the etonogestrel implant. Ten percent discontinued their method during the year. Although changes in Female Sexual Function Index-6 and New Sexual Satisfaction Scale scores were not associated with discontinuation, individuals who perceived that their method detracted from their sexual experience had significantly higher removal rates than those who reported no sexual changes or positive sexual changes (adjusted hazard ratio, 8.04; 95% CI, 1.53–42.24), even when controlling for method type, bleeding changes, and a variety of covariates and controls.Conclusions
Although limited by the small sample of discontinuers, we found that women's perceptions of how their method affects their sex life were associated with contraceptive continuation over time. Sexual acceptability should receive more attention in both contraceptive research and counseling. 相似文献1000.
Charvonne N. Holliday Elizabeth Miller Michele R. Decker Jessica G. Burke Patricia I. Documet Sonya B. Borrero Jay G. Silverman Daniel J. Tancredi Edmund Ricci Heather L. McCauley 《Women's health issues》2018,28(3):205-211